IMP POINTS

MAHARASHTRA

1.    1906: Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak proposed the statehood of Maharashtra

2.    1919: Congress Democratic Party includes demand of state of Maharashtra in its manifesto. The manifesto is drafted under leadership of Tilak

3.    Oct 1, 1938: The legislative assembly of Central Province passes the resolution to break away from bi-lingual Bombay presidency and form a separate state of vidharbha.

4.    Oct 15, 1938: A Marathi literary meet, presided over by VD Savarkar, passes a resolution for a separate state for Marathi speaking areas including Vidharbha.

5.    Jan 28, 1940: The samyukta mahasabha organization is formed in Bombay (now Mumbai) to pursue the resolution passed at the literary meet.

6.    1940-45: The demand of Maharashtra waspostponed due to World War and Quit India Movement.

7.    May 12, 1946: A resolution of Samyukta Maharashtra (Unified Maharashtra) is passed at the literary meet in Belgaum, which is presided over by GT Madkholkar. A committee comprising Madkholkar, DV Potdar, Shankarrao Deo, Keshavrao Jhede and SS Navre is constituted to implement the resolution.

8.    Jul 28, 1946: The committee holds a conference, Maharashtra Ekikaran Parishad, in Bombay, organized by SK Patil and presided over by Shankarrao Deo. Around 200 delegates from Maharashtra, south Maharashtra, Vidharbha and Marathwada are present for the conference and resolution of Samyukta Maharashtra is passed after Acarya Dada Dharmadhikari’s proposal.

9.    Dec 1946: People supporting the formation of state on linguistic lines hold a meeting in New Delhi under leadership of Pattabhi Sitaramaiya.

10.  April 13, 1947: The Akola pact is finalized between Shankarrao Deo and Madhav Aney. It is decided that the Maharashtra Ekikaran Parishad will work on formation of Samyukta Maharashtra including Western Maharashtra (Bombay Province) and C.P and Berar Province commonly styled as Maha-Vidarbha.

11.  Jun 17, 1948: The Union government appoints a commission to be headed by the president of the constitutional council, SK Dhar, to study the formation of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Kerala.

12.  Dec 10, 1948: The Dhar commission submits its report opposing the formation of states on linguistic lines, saying that such move will be against national interest.

13.  Dec 1948: The Congress accepts the principle of the formation of the states on linguistic lines at its Jaipur conclave. A committee comprising Pittabhi Sitaramiya, Jawaharlal Nehru and Vallabhbhai Patel is formed to reconsider this issue.

14.  Oct 1953: The State of Andhra is formed.

15.  Nov 4, 1953: Shankarrao Deo writes Nehru and demands formation of Samyukta Maharashtra.

16.  Dec 29, 1953: Union government constitutes the State Reformation Board under Fazal Ali.

17.  Aug 1954: Fazal Ali files report after touring Nagpur, Chanda, Akola, Amravati, Pune and then Bombay

18.  Oct 10, 1955: Fazal Ali’s report is made public. The report suggests formation of two states, Bombay and Vidharbha. Ali proposes Bombay with two divisions – Gujarat, includingKutch and Saurashtra, and Maharashtra, including Marathwada. However, the Samyukta Maharashtra Parishad opposes this proposal.

19.  Oct 19, 1955: Nehru suggests formation of three states: Samyukta Maharashtra, including Vidharba and Marathwada; Maha Gujarat, including Kutch and Saurashtra and Bombay. However, Shankarrao Deo and Dhananjay Gadgil suggest two states: Samyukta Maharashtra, including Vidharbha, Marathwada and Bombay, and Maha Gujarat, including Kutch and Saurashtra.

20.  Nov 8, 1955: Congress working committee accepts Nehru’s tri-state formula.

21.  Nov 18, 1955: The Left parties observe the strike in Bombay.

22.  Nov 20, 1955: Morarji Desai and SK Patil hold rally at Girgaum Chowpatty challenging the supporters of Samyukta Maharashtra.

23.  Nov 21, 1955: The Left parties take a morcha (procession) to the state legislature, which the police try to stop. Fifteen people die and 200 are injured as the police open fire on the morcha at Flora fountain (now known as Hutatma chowk) after some people throw stones. Chimanlal Sheth, a reporter from the Gujarati daily Janmabhoomi, is killed while covering the morcha.

24.  Nov 1955: Non-Congress political parties form the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti in Pune.

25.  Dec 1, 1955: Yashwantrao Chavan states that if he has to make a choice between Samyukta Maharashtra and Nehru, he will choose Nehru.

26.  Jan 16, 1956: Violent agitations follow Nehru’s announcement of making Bombay a union territory.

27.  Jan 22, 1956: Union minister CD Deshmukh resigns from the Nehru’s cabinet and alleges that Nehru nurtures ill-will towards Maharashtra.

28.  Jun 3, 1956: Nehru declares Bombay a Union territory for five years, but refuses to make the city capital of Maharashtra. He announces a high court and a public service commission for Bombay, Maharashtra and Gujarat.

29.  Aug 10, 1956: Lok Sabha passes a resolution for bigger bilingual state of Bombay. The state includes: Samayukta Maharashtra, including Bombay; and Maha Gujarat including Kutch and Saurashtra.

30.  Aug 31, 1956: Marathi majority taluks transferred to Adilabad, Medak, Nizamabad and Mahaboobnagar districts of new Telugu State (now Telangana) and Karnataka in 1956. Even today, the old town names of all these regions are Marathi names.

31.  Transferred to Telangana (1) Alampur and Gadwal taluks of Raichur district and Kodangal taluk of Gulbarga district; (2) Tandur taluk of Gulbarga district; (3) Zahirabad taluk (except Nirna circle), Nyalkal circle of Bidar taluk and Narayankhed taluk of Bidar district; (4) Bichkonda and Jukkal circles of Deglur taluk of Nanded district; and (5) Mudhol, Bhiansa and Kuber circles of Mudhol taluk of Nanded district; and (6) Adilabad district except Islapur circle of Boath taluk, Kinwat taluk and Rajura taluk; and thereupon the said territories shall cease to form part of the existing State of Hyderabad.

32.  Transferred to Karnataka (1) Belgaum District (Marathi Majority) (2) Bijapur District (Marathi Majority) (3) Gulbarga District (Marathi Majority) (4) Bidar District (Marathi Majority) (5) Dharwar District (Marathi/Kannada) (6) Bagalkot District (Marathi/Kannada) (7) Raichur District (Marathi/Kannada)

33.  ^[1]

34.  Nov 1956: Samayukta Maharashtra Samiti starts satyagraha

35.  Mar 28, 1960: Proposal of division of bigger bilingual state of Bombay is put up in Lok sabha.

36.  April 21, 1960: Lok sabha gives its approval for a divided bigger bilingual state of Bombay.

37.  May 1, 1960: Maharashtra is formed with Bombay as its capital.

38.  1999-Present: 40 years old dispute of Telangana state's claim over several villages in Chandrapur district comes back to limelight. The Telangana High Court declared these villages to be part of their state. In response, the Maharashtra government had moved it to the Supreme Court, where its appeal is still pending. 14 villages in Jiwati taluk, 12 villages in Rajura taluk and 5 villages in Antapur of Chandrapur district are disputed with Telangana State. They are revenue villages of Marazoda, Anarpally, Lakampur, Ananthapur, Esagaon, Bolapathar, Gouri (D), Parandoli, Paraswada, Arkepally (D), Karanjiwada, Kota, Mukadamguda, Maharajguda, Lendijala, Lendiguda, Indiranagar, Yesapur, Narayanguda, Shankarloddi, Padmavathi and Janakpur, etc sharing border with Adilabad District of Telangana, which has laid claim on these areas. The encroachment by Telangana is much attributed to its two humungous projects Pranahita Chevella lift irrigation scheme and Icchampally project which are seen to drain-out the water, land, people and agricultural resources of Vidarbha region.

39.  The ongoing Telangana State Irrigation project Pranahita Chevella lift irrigation scheme which is a project not in the interest of Maharashtra. Maharashtra will be losing about 2123.4 hectares of land (which is severely under reported by print media at 1500 Ha or even less) ^[2]

40.  The Telangana State Irrigation project Icchampally Project which is a project not in the interest of Maharashtra. Maharashtra will be losing 33,614 hectares of land which is more than 100 villages.

2011-Present: Disputes between Belgaum's Marathi-speaking leadership and the Karnataka government became frequent. Matters came to a head in mid-2012, when the Karnataka government actually superseded the Belgaum City Municipal Corporation. The Maharashtra Legislature unanimously passed a resolution against the move and demanded that Belgaum and the surrounding area embroiled in a border dispute be placed under the rule of the Centre until resolution of the dispute in the Supreme Court. Only in late 2011, the Belgaum civic body was dismissed along with its Marathi-speaking mayor and deputy mayor. From the 1960s, when the border dispute began, until 2015 the Maharashtra legislature passed at least 18 resolutions against the Karnataka government, calling its actions to crack down upon Marathi-speaking institutes and people in Belgaum illegal and unjust

IMP QUESTIONS OF CHEMISTRY

1. What is the name of the scientist who stated that matter can be converted into energy? – Einstein 

2. The isotopes of chlorine with mass number 35 and 37 exist in which ratio? – 3 : 1 

3. A gas is found to have the formula (CO)n. Its vapour density is 70. What must the value of n be? – 5 

4. Which law directly explains the law of conservation of mass? – Avogadro’s law

5. To whom the credit for the discovery of transuranic element goes? – Seaborg 

6. How many moles are there is 140 g of Si (atomic mass of silicon is 28)? – 5 

7. Which substance does not have a melting point? – Glass

8. By which a mixture of sand and naphthalene can be separated? – sublimation

9. An element X forms an oxide X03. What is the valency of X? – 6

10. Sodium carbonate crystals lose water molecules. What is this property called? – Efflorescence 

11. By whom was the law of constant proportions enunciated? – Proust 

12. What is the number of unpaired electrons in carbon atom? – 2 

13. In an atom the order of filling up of the orbitals is governed by which principle? – Aufbau principle 

14. Regarding the atom of a chemical element, magnetic quantum number refers? – Orientation 

15. What are the atoms of the elements having same mass number but different atomic number called? – isobars 

16. Rutherford’s scattering experiment related to the size of which thing? – nucleus

17. By whom was the absolute value of charge on electron determined? – R.A. Millikan 

18. Which property of the elements is a whole number? – Atomic number 

19. Discovery of the nucleus of an atom was due to the experiment carried out by which person? – Rutherford

20. What are the atoms of the elements which have same number of neutrons called? – Isotones 

21. Whose experiment proved that the speed of light was always the same? – Michelson and Morley 

22. Which element has two electrons in the K-shell only? – Helium 

23. What is Electromagnetic radiation with maximum wavelength? – Radio waves 

24. Which nuclear particles responsible for holding all nucleons together? – Mesons 

25. In which process, a nucleus spontaneously breaks down by emitting radiation? – Radioactive decay

26. In atomic reactors, graphite is used as which name? – Moderator 

27. Why is Cobalt-60 commonly used in radiation therapy? –Because it emits gamma rays 

28. A radioactive substance has a half life of four months. Three-fourth of the substance would decay in howmany months? – 8 months

29. What is a bond formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms of the elements called? – ionic bond

30. What is a bond formed by sharing of electrons between atoms of the elements called? – covalent bond 

31. What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds in a H2O molecule? – 4 

32. Select the compound in which chlorine shows oxidation state + 7? – HClO4

33. What is the oxidation of two Cl atoms in bleaching powder Ca(OCl) Cl? – +1,–1

34. What is the Oxidation state of Mn in acidic KMnO4 change from? – +7 to +2

35. Why is Molten NaCl good conductor of electricity? – Free ions

36. What is the common oxidation state of alkali metals in the combined state? – +1 

37. What is the oxidation number and covalency-of sulphur in S8? – 0, 2

38. Starch iodide paper is used to test for the presence of which agent? – Oxidising agent

39. The pH of water at 25° C is 7. When it is heated to 100°C, what will the pH of water? – increases 

40. When Metal carbonate reacts with dilute acids, what does it forms? – CO2

41. The element common to all the acids is known as which name? – Hydrogen

42. What is the sum of pH and pOH in aqueous solution at 25°C? – 14

43. By what factor is a solution with pH = 2 more acidic than one with pH = 6 ? – 104

44. Red litmus paper is changed into blue in solution of which thing? – Base

45. What is formed by dissolution of base or acid in water? – Exothermic

46. Blue litmus paper is converted into red in solution of which thing? – acid

47. According to Arrhenius theory of an acid and base, an acid is a substance that gives which ions in water? – H+ ions

48. What is the negative logarithmic value of hydrogen on called? – pH

49. What are the physical state of dispersion medium of a cloud ? – Gas

50. Vander Wall’s equation explains the behaviour of which gases? – real gases 

51. In general gas equation, pV= nRT, V is the volume of which gas? – n mole of a gas

52. What is the ratio of rate of diffusion of oxygen and hydrogen? – 1 : 4

53. Absolute zero is the temperature where all gases are expected to have howmuch volume? – Zero volume 

54. 4.4 g of CO2 contains how many litre of CO2 at STP? – 2.24 litre

55. Glucose or fructose is converted into C2H5OH in the presence of which thing? – zymase

56. Which type of materials act as effective catalysis? – Transition metals

57. What is the substance which decreases the rate of a chemical reaction? – Poison 

58. TEL minimise the knocking effect when mixed with petrol, how does it act? – As negative catalyst 

59. Which is the catalyst used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid by contact process? – V2O5

60. Which catalyst is sensitive to temperature changes? – Enzyme 

61. Which is the temperature at which the catalytic activity of the catayist is maximum? – Optimum temperature 

62. Alcoholic fermentation is brought about the action of which thing? – Yeast

63. Which is catalyst used in the Deacon’s process for the manufacture of chlorine? – CuCl2 

64. In the Ostwald’s process for manufacture of HNO3, which catalyst is used? – Pt 

65. Which gas has maximum colorific value? – Oil gas 

66. When ammonium chloride is dissolved in water, the solution becomes cold. Whiat is change? – Endothermic 

67. When ice melts into water, which type of change occurs in entropy? – Increases

68. In which type of coal percentage of carbon is the highest? – Anthracite 

69. What is the mixture of carbon monoxide and nitrogen called? – Producer gas

70. What is the mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen called? – Water gas

71. Which law of thermodynamics introduces the concept of entropy? – Second law 

72. For which element, the standard enthalpy is not zero? – C (Diamond) 

73. Which fuel causes minimum environmental pollution? – Hydrogen 

74. Which gas has the highest fuel value? – Hydrogen

75. The compound with negative heat of formation is known as which name? – Exothermic compound 

76. Which hydrocarbon is mainly present in gobar gas? – Methane

77. What happens when the door of a refrigerator is kept open? – Room heated 

78. What does the second law of thermodynamics introduced? – The concept of Entropy

79. What is an extensive property of the system? – Volume 

80. A gas expands isothermally and reversible. How much work is done by the gas? – Maximum

81. About which is the information not conveyed by thermodynamics? – Rates of reactions 

82. Which is the element that has the highest first ionization potential? – Nitrogen 

83. What has the highest ionization potential? – Ne 

84. Which of the following among alkali metals is most reactive? – Cs

85. Which is the element having lowest melting point in periodic table? – He 

86. Which are the elements on the right side of the periodic table? – Non-metals

87. Which transition metal is in liquid state? – Mercury 

88. Which electronic configurations exhibits metallic character? – 2, 8, 2 

89. Which element has the lowest electron affinity? – Argon

90. By whom was the calculation of electronegativities first done? – Pauling

91. Which element does not exist in liquid state at room temperature ? – Na 

92. What is the most electropositive amongst the alkaline earth metals? – Barium

93. Which block of elements is mostly metals with high B.P., M.P. values? – d-block 

94. Which are the vertical lines in modern periodic table called? – Group

95. What is horizontal line in modern periodic table called? – Period

96. In a period, the elements are arranged in which order? – Increasing charges in the nucleus

97. Which noble gas does not have octet of electrons in its outer shell? – He 

98. Which pair of elements is in the same period of the periodic table? – Na, Cl

99. Why is the electron affinity of chlorine highest than that of fluorine? – Smaller nuclear charge

100. What is the Electron affinity of noble gases? – Almost zero

Agriculture Quiz
	Seed plant technique is followed in - A. Paddy B. Wheat C. Bajra D. Potato
	In H.T.S.T. pasteurization, which one of the following organisms is chosen as index organism for killing? A. S.lactis B. S.thermophilus C. M.tuberculosis D. B.subtilis
	In maize plants - A. Tassels appear first B. Silk appear first C. Both of these appear at same time D. None of these
	Damping-off disease of vegetable nursery can be controlled by- A. Mixing of fungicides in soil B. Solarization C. Seed treatment D. All of these
	'Chanchal' is a variety of - A. Tomato B. Brinjal C. Capcicum D. Chilli
	Khaira disease of rice can be controlled by spraying - A. Calcium sulphate B. Copper sulphate C. Borax D. Zinc sulphate
	Sulphur-coated Urea contains N - A. 21% B. 26% C. 33% D. 40%
	Toda is breed of - A. Sheep B. Cattle C. Goat D. Buffalo
	Which states are the highest & lowest producers of Potato crop? A. Bihar & Kashmir B. Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand C. Gujarat and Assam D. Uttar Pradesh & Himachal Pradesh

1. Which former Cabinet Secretary has been appointed as the first male member of the National Commission for Women of India, filling the fourth seat in the five-member body ?

A. Alok Rawat

B. Bharti Kirchner

C. Neeraj Khemlani

D: Mehul Shah

Question
The National Commission for Women (NCW) regularly publishes a monthly newsletter, _______ in both Hindi and English.
A. Rashtra Suraksha
B. Rashtra Mahila
C. Rashtra Aurat
D: National Women